Disease	Effectiveness	Suggested Chemicals	100 gal Dilute	Acre Concentrate
Scab	E = 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37	2. Captan 50W	1.5 lb	6.0 lb
	G = 2, 13, 34, 35,36	3. Fontelis 1.67SC + mancozeb 75DF	--	14-20 fl oz + 3 lb
	F = 22	5. Luna Sensation 500SC + mancozeb 75DF	--	4-5.8 fl oz + 3 lb
Powdery mildew	E = 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 19, 20, 34, 35	6. Luna Tranquility 4.16SC + mancozeb 75DF	--	11.2-16 fl oz + 3 lb
	G = 3, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 30, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37	7. Merivon 4.18SC + mancozeb 75DF	--	4-6.7 fl oz + 3 lb
Rusts	E = 8, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37	8. Rally 40WSP + Captan 50W	1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb	5.0-7.5 oz + 3.25 lb
	G = 3, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14	10. Rally 40WSP + Ziram 76DF or WDG	1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb	5.0-7.5 oz + 3.25 lb
Rots and frogeye leaf spot	G = 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 13, 19, 20, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37	11. Rally 40WSP + mancozeb 75DF	1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb	5.0-7.5 oz + 3 lb
	F = 8, 10, 11, 12, 34, 35	12. Rally 40WSP + Polyram 80DF	1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb	5.0-7.5 oz + 3 lb
Brooks spot	E = 3, 5, 7, 19, 20, 37	13. Ziram 76DF	2 lb	6.5 lb
	G = 2, 11, 13, 15, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 36	14. Procure 50WS + captan 50W	3.0 oz + 1 lb	12.0 oz + 3 lb
	F = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17, 34	15. Procure 50WS + mancozeb 75DF	3.0 oz + 1 lb	12.0 oz + 3 lb
		16. Procure 50WS + Polyram 80DF	3.0 oz + 1 lb	12.0 oz + 3 lb
		17. Procure 50WS + ziram 76DF	3.0 oz + 1 lb	12.0 oz + 3.25 lb
		19. Sovran 50WG + Mancozeb 75DF	10-16 oz --	4.0-6.4 oz + 3 lb
		20. Flint 50WG + Mancozeb 75DF	--	2.0-2.5 oz + 3 lb
		22. Sulfur	2-3 lb	7-10 lb
		30. Indar 2F + Captan 50W	--	8 fl oz 3.25 lb
		31. Indar 2F + Mancozeb 75DF	--	8 fl oz 3 lb
		32. Indar 2F + Polyram 80DF	--	8 fl oz 3 lb
		33. Indar 2F + Ziram 76DF	--	8 fl oz 3 lb
		34. 2Topguard 1.04SC + Captan 50W	3.2 fl oz 1 lb	13 fl oz 3.75 lb
		35. 2Topguard 1.04SC + mancozeb 75DF	3.2 fl oz 1 lb	13 fl oz 3 lb
		36. Inspire Super 2.82EW	--	12 fl oz
		37. Inspire Super + Mancozeb 75DF	--	8.5-12 fl oz 3 lb
		38. Aprovia + mancozeb	--	5.5-7 fl oz 3 lb

¹ CAUTION: In some years, primary scab and rust inoculum may be depleted by the time for the second cover spray. If this is the case and primary scab has been well controlled, the spray program should be aimed more at control of "summer diseases" including Brooks spot, sooty blotch, fly speck, and rots. If mildew is a problem, maintain mildew protection until shoot growth hardens off.
² Topguard use is restricted to one application every 14 days.

Note: Pound for pound, the EBDC fungicides are the most active fungicides available for bitter rot control. Where bitter rot has been difficult to control EBDC's should be used to their fullest advantage, approaching the allowable 77 day pre-harvest interval. Different spray schedules should be considered based on groupings of cultivars by expected harvest dates: Early cultivars - Gala and Ginger Gold; Mid-season - Red Delicious and Golden Delicious; Late season cultivars (later EBDC use permitted by calendar date - Rome, York, Fuji and Granny Smith. Note that EBDC use must not exceed 21 lb/A/yr when used later than petal fall.

Insects/Mites	Effectiveness	Suggested Chemicals	100 gal Dilute	Acre Concentrate
Tentiform Leafminers (TLM) (2nd generation)	E = 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, 24, 26, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40	1. Esteem 35W	--	4-5 oz
	G = 2, 6, 16, 19	2. Lannate 90SP	4 oz	12 oz
Mites (ERM/TSM)1	E = 3, 13, 21, 22, 23, 25	3. Nealta	--	13.7 fl oz
	G = 8, 14, 18, 20, 41, 42	4. Imidan 70WSB	16-21 oz	3-4 lb
Codling moth (CM)	E = 4, 26, 31, 34, 38, 40	5. Bacillus thuringiensis	See label	See label
	G = 1, 2, 6, 9, 11, 12, 16, 24, 28, 37, 39, 41	6. Aza-Direct or Neemazad	--	1 qt
San Jose scale (SJS)2	E = 1, 29	7. Sivanto 200SL	--	7-10.5 fl oz
	G = 2, 7, 17, 33, 36, 39	8. Vydate 2L	1 pt	3 pt
Variegated leafroller and tufted apple budmoth (VLR & TBM)3,7	E = 19, 26, 32, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40	9. 4Assail 30SG	--	2.5-8.0 oz
	G = 4, 5, 16, 30	10. Actara 25WG	--	2.0-5.5 oz
		11. Calypso 4F	1-2 fl oz	4-8 fl oz
		12. Avaunt 30WDG	--	5-6 oz
		13. 8Nexter 75WP	--	4.4-5.2 oz
Green aphid (SA/AA)	E = 7, 9, 10, 11, 15, 17, 24, 36	14. Vendex 50W	6 oz	18 oz
	G = 2, 8, 30, 41, 42	15. Beleaf	--	2-2.8 oz
Oriental fruit moth (OFM)8	E = 4, 27, 30, 31, 32, 34, 38, 40	16. 5Sevin XLR PLUS	2 pt	6 pt
	G = 9, 11, 12, 19, 24, 28 (Maydex), 37	17. Admire Pro or Alias 4F	3.2
Woolly apple aphid (WAA)	E = 33	18. 6Ultra-Fine oil	2 gal	--
	G = 15, 42	19. 8Intrepid 2F	--	8-16 fl oz
Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB)	G = See BMSB note	20. Acramite 50WS	--	12-16 oz
		21. Zeal 72WG	--	2-3 oz
		22. Portal 5EC	10 fl oz	2 pt
		23. Kanemite 15SC	--	31 fl oz
		24. Belay 2.13SC	--	6-12 fl oz
		25. Envidor 2SC	--	16-18 fl oz
		26. Rimon 0.83EC	--	20-40 fl oz
		27. CheckMate OFM-F	--	1.3-2.9 fl oz
		28. CM virus	--	6.8-13.5 fl oz (Carpovirusine) 3-6 fl oz (Cyd-X) 0.5-3.0 fl oz (Madex)
		29. Centaur 70WDG	--	34.5 oz
		30. No. 2 + No. 4	2 oz + 10 oz	6 oz + 32 oz
		31. Voliam Flexi 40WG	--	4-7 oz
		32. Entrust 2SC	--	6-10 fl oz
		33. Diazinon 50W	1 lb	3 lb
		34.  Delegate 25WG	--	4.5-7 oz
		35. Proclaim 5SG	0.8-1.2 oz	3.2-4.5 oz
		36. 10Movento 2SC	--	6-9 fl oz
		37. Belt 4SC	--	3-5 fl oz
		38. Altacor 35WDG	--	2.5-4.5 oz
		39.  Tourismo 3/5SC	--	15-17 fl oz
		40. Exirel	--	8.5-17 fl oz
		41. Belay 2.13EC	--	6-12 fl oz
		42. Closer 2SC	--	1.5-2.75 fl oz

¹ Mites are laying eggs at this time; two consecutive sprays are needed where mites are a problem and predators are not numerous enough to provide control. Continue monitoring for Stethorus punctum. Start monitoring Amblyseius fallacis, predaceous thrips, mirids, and Orius species.

² SJS crawlers appear now. Yellow crawlers may be detected by capturing them on a ring of black electrical tape tightly encircling a scaley branch, sticky side out. Tape should be observed and replaced every other day.  Expect SJS crawlers 300-350 DD above base of 50 degrees F.

³ Members of the leafroller complex will begin laying eggs. Start looking for egg masses while monitoring orchard. Determine species present using pheromone traps.

⁴ 2.5-4.0 oz for TLM and SA/AA; 5.5-8.0 oz for CM and OFM.

⁵ Use of Sevin may cause mite outbreaks.

⁶ Good control of ERM may be achieved by 3 applications of Ultra-Fine Oil at 2-week intervals beginning at petal fall.

⁷ See notes on CM, OFM, and TBM on p.1-2 for timing recommendation based on DD.
⁸ Use 8.8-10.7 oz/A for TSM

⁹ Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB): The comparatively mild winter in 2015-2016 was thought to result in higher survivorship of overwintering adult BMSB populations. However, captures in pheromone traps were relatively low through about mid-August, after which captures increased markedly to levels that exceeded those in 2015. Relatively low levels of Injury from BMSB were reported in apples through much of the season and there were few reports of significant injury to peaches at harvest. However, injury to apples increased between late August and September and there were reports of some orchards sustaining significant injury from this pest at harvest. Despite higher BMSB captures during late season in 2016 than in 2015, the numbers of adults dispersing to buildings in late September and October were not as high as anticipated. In our region, the Asian parasitoid of BMSB eggs, Trissolcus japonicus, has been detected in MD, DE, DC, VA, and WV and appears to be well-established in some locations. As in 2015, there appeared to be fewer issues with outbreaks of woolly apple aphid in 2016, although some orchard consultants reported problems with San Jose scale. Since it has been a long-standing policy of tree fruit Extension Specialists to not recommend post-bloom use of pyrethroids, due to their disruptive effects on natural enemies of secondary pests, we have not included them or pre-mixes containing them in most post-bloom cover sprays for pome fruit. However, the most effective products for BMSB continue to include Belay (neonicotinoid), products containing permethrin, Baythroid, Danitol, and Warrior II (pyrethroids), Lannate (carbamate), and the pre-mixes Endigo ZC and Leverage 360, both of which contain a pyrethoid. Section 18 Emergency Exemptions were issued again in 2016 for the pyrethroid, bifenthrin (Bifenture, Brigade) and the neonicotinoid, dinotefuran (Scorpion, Venom), which are considered very effective against BMSB. Renewals of the Section 18 Exemptions for these products will be sought for the 2017 season, but until notified of an approval by Cooperative Extension personnel, do not use bifenthrin or dinotefuran in apples, dinotefuran in pears, or bifenthrin in stone fruit. Furthermore, while dinotefuran is registered for use in stone fruits, the highest labelled rate may not provide acceptable control of BMSB. Do not use dinotefuran in stone fruit at the higher rates permitted by a Section 18 until notified of an approval. Since the residual effectiveness of products for BMSB control may vary considerably and not extend beyond several days, particularly following rain, we continue to recommend the use of alternate-row-middle applications at about 7-day intervals during much of the growing season. Peaches and nectarines are vulnerable to injury from BMSB from fruit set onward while injury to apples is typically detected from about mid-June onward. For additional information about BMSB and its management in tree fruit orchards, see the following on the StopBMSB.org website: www.stopbmsb.org/stopBMSB/assets/File/BMSB-in-Orchard-Crops-English.pdf

Web Site Authors: Alan R. Biggs and Douglas G. Pfeiffer