Effectiveness rating: E = excellent, G = good, F = fair
| Disease | Effectiveness | Suggested Chemicals | 100 gal Dilute | Acre Concentrate |
| Scab | E = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21 | 1. Captan 50W | 1.5 lb | 6.0 lb |
| G = 1, 10, 23, 24, 25 |
||||
| F = 17 |
2. Fontelis 1.67SC + Mancozeb 75DF |
-- | 14-20 fl oz + 3 lb | |
| 3. Luna Sensation 500SC + Mancozeb 75DF | -- | 4-5.8 fl oz+ 3 lb | ||
| Powdery Mildew2 | E = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 23, 24 |
4. Luna Tranquility 4.16SC + mancozeb 75DF | -- | 11.2-16 fl oz + 3 lb |
| G = 2, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22,
25, 26, 27 |
5. Merivon 4.18SC + Mancozeb 75DF | 3 fl oz + 1 lb | 4-6.7 fl oz + 3 lb | |
| 6. Rally 40WSB + Captan 50W | 1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb | 5.0- 7.5 oz + 3.25 lb | ||
| Rusts4 | E = 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22,
23, 24, 25, 26 |
7. Rally 40WSB + Ziram 76DF or WDG | 1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb | 5.0-7.5 oz + 3.25 lb |
| G = 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12, 27 | 8. Rally 40WSB + mancozeb 75DF | 1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb | 5.0-7.5 oz + 3 lb | |
| 9. Rally 40WSB + Polyram 80DF | 1.25-2.0 oz + 1 lb | 5.0-7.5 oz + 3 lb | ||
| Fireblight | E = 18 |
10. 3Ziram 76DF or WDG | 2 lb | 6.5 lb |
| 11. Procure 50WS + captan 50W | 3.0 oz + 1 lb | 12.0 oz + 3 lb | ||
| Rots and frogeye leaf spots | G = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10,
15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 26 |
12. Procure 50WS + mancozeb 75DF | 3.0 oz + 1 lb | 12.0 oz + 3 lb |
| F = 6, 7, 8, 9, 23, 24 |
13. Procure 50WS + Polyram 80DF | 3.0 oz + 1 lb | 12.0 oz + 3 lb | |
| 14. Procure 50WS + Ziram 76DF or WDG | 3.0 oz + 1 lb | 12.0 oz + 3.25 lb | ||
| 15. Sovran 50WG | 10-16 oz | 4.0-6.4 oz | ||
| 17. Flint 50WG + mancozeb 75DF | -- | 2.0-2.5 oz 3 lb |
||
| 17. Sulfur | 2-3 lb | 7-10 lb | ||
| 18. Streptomycin | 0.3 lb | 1.2 lb | ||
| 19. Indar 2F + Captan 50W |
-- |
8 fl oz 3.25 lb |
||
| 20. Indar 2F + Mancozeb
75DF |
-- |
8 fl oz 3 lb |
||
| 21. Indar 2F + Polyram 80DF |
-- |
8 fl oz 3 lb |
||
| 22. Indar 2% + Ziram 76DF |
-- |
8 fl oz 3 lb |
||
| 23. Topguard 1.04SC +
Captan 50W |
3.2 fl oz 1 lb |
13 fl oz 3.25 lb |
||
| 24. 5 Topguard
1.04SC + mancozeb 75DF |
3.2 fl oz 1b |
13 fl oz 3 lb |
||
| 25. Inspire Super 2.82EW |
-- |
12 fl oz |
||
| 26. Inspire Super + mancozeb 75DF | -- |
8.5-12 fl oz 3 lb |
||
| 27. Aprovia + manocozeb |
-- |
5.5-7 fl oz 3 lb |
1 See cautions 1, 2 and 3 under 1/4-1/2 inch green spray.
2 Excellent powdery mildew control is expected when the Rally or Topguard is used on a 7-10 day interval for scab control. See also comments about disease management on page 59. Do not apply more than 24 oz of Triadimefon 50DF per acre per season. Do not apply more than 60 lb of Captan 50W per acre per year.
3 Do not apply more than 56 lb Ziram DF or WDG per acre per year.
4 See cautions about quince rust under pink and bloom sprays.
5
Topguard use is restricted to one application every 14 days.
Carefully inspect flower cluster leaves for primary scab lesions.
If scab lesions are present, include fungicides that have
antisporulant activity against scab (Dodine or combinations of
Topsin-M with other fungicides if resistance is not present.
Repeated applications of Dodine 65W at 12 oz per 100 gal (2 lb per
acre) can be used to inhibit sporulation).
Severity of powdery mildew is directly related to the amount of
overwintering inoculum in shoot and blossom buds and the length of
the spray interval. Check blocks of highly susceptible cultivars
(Jonathan, Ginger Gold, Rome Beauty, Stayman Winesap, Idared,
Paulared, Granny Smith) to determine the amount of overwintering
inoculum. Mildew is active during periods of dry weather;
maintaining short spray intervals (not over 7 days) more
effectively reduces mildew infection than increasing fungicide
rates. In serious cases, special mildew sprays applied between the
regular sprays from pink through the cover sprays may be the most
economical way to achieve the desired control and prevent a
repeated buildup of mildew for the following year.
Late bloom is frequently the site of fireblight blossom infection.
Maintain streptomycin applications to assure that the late
blossoms are protected to the end of an extended bloom period on
susceptible cultivars such as Jonathan, Rome Beauty, York
Imperial, Golden Delicious, Idared and Gala and on trees on M. 9
and M. 26 rootstocks.
When streptomycin is combined with other pesticides it should be
used at 80 PPM (0.4 lb/100 gal or 1.5 lb/A concentrate). To avoid
the development of resistance to streptomycin, limit the number of
applications to no more than four.
APPLE PETAL FALL SPRAY 1
Effectiveness rating: E = excellent, G = good, F = fair
| Insects/Mites | Effectiveness | Suggested Chemicals | 100 gal Dilute | Acre Concentrate |
| 1. Lorsban Advanced, Nufos 4E Yuma 4E, or
Lorsban 75WG |
3 pt or 2 lb |
-- |
||
| Redbanded leafroller (RBLR)3 | E = 2, 24 |
2. 2Lannate 90SP | 4 oz | 12 oz |
| G = 3, 4 |
3. Imidan 70WSB | 16-21oz | 3-4 lb | |
| Curculio (PC)3 | E = 3, 16 |
4. Bacillus thuringiensis | See label | See label |
| G = 13, 15, 25 |
5. 18Movento 2SC | -- | 6-9 fl oz | |
| 6. Apollo 42SC | -- | 4-8 fl oz | ||
| 7. Savey 50DF or Onager 1 EC |
-- | 3-6 oz or 12-24 fl oz |
||
| Rosy apple aphid (RAA) | E = 5, 13, 15, 20 |
8. Aza-Direct or Neemazad |
-- | 1 qt |
| G = 2, 8, 11 |
9. Madex |
-- |
0.5-3 fl oz |
|
| Mites (ERM) | E = 6, 7, 12, 14, 17, 27, 28, 29, 30 |
11.7Vydate 2L | 1 pt | 3 pt |
| G = 11, 18, 23, 26 |
12. 8Agri-Mek,
Abba, Temprano 0.15EC, or Agri-Mek 0.7SC |
2.5-5 fl oz 0.5-1.0 fl oz |
10-20 fl oz 2.25-4.25 fl oz |
|
| Green fruitworms (GFW)4 | G = 2, 3, 4, 21, 24 |
13. 17Assail 30SG | -- | 2.5-8.0 oz |
| 14. 14Nealta |
-- |
13 fl oz |
||
| 15. 18Calypso 4F |
1-2 fl oz |
4-8 fl oz |
||
| Defoliating caterpillars5 | E = 4 |
16. Avaunt 30WDG | -- | 5-6 oz |
| G = 2, 3 |
||||
| Tentiform leafminers (TLM) | E = 11, 12, 13, 15 |
17. 9Nexter
75WP |
-- | 4.4-5.2 oz |
| G = 8 |
18. Vendex 50W | 6 oz | 18 oz | |
| White apple leafhopper (WALH)6 | E = 2, 13, 15 |
19. 12Sevin 50W | 2 lb | 6 lb |
| G = 11, 12, 19, 21, 25, 28 |
20. Beleaf 50SG | -- | 2-2.8 oz | |
| Codling moth (CM) | E = 31 |
21. 12Sevin XLR PLUS | 8-10 fl oz | 1.5-2 pt |
| G = 9, 22 |
22. 14Mating disruption | -- | See label | |
| Oriental fruit moth (OFM) | E = 3, 24 |
23. 15Ultra-Fine oil | 2 gal | -- |
| G = 2, 4, 8, 9, 13, 15, 16, 19, 21, 24 |
24. 16Intrepid 2F | -- | 8-16 fl oz | |
| European apple sawfly (EAS)11 | E = 3, 13, 15, 16 |
25. Surround WP | -- | 25 lb |
| |
G = 19, 21 |
26. 8Acramite 50WS | -- | 12-16 oz |
| Mullein bug (MB) | E = 13, 15 |
27. Zeal 72WDG | -- | 2-3 oz |
| 28. Portal 5EC | 10 fl oz | 2 pt | ||
| Dogwood borer (DB)20 | E = 1 |
29. Kanemite 15SC | -- | 31 fl oz |
| G = 13, 22 |
30. Envidor 2SC | -- | 16-18 fl oz | |
| San Jose scale (SJS) | G = 5 | 31. Rimon 0.83EC | -- | |
| Brown marmorated stink bug
(BMSB) |
G = See footnote 19 |
1 CAUTION: To avoid killing bees, do not spray pesticides on open blooms of trees or ground vegetation. See pesticide hazard to bees (p. 25). This is an excellent time to hang pheromone traps for codling moth and the leafroller complex.
2 Lannate used alone does not provide control beyond 3-4 days.
3 Monitor orchards carefully for newly hatched leafroller larvae and inward migration of curculio. Hang pheromone traps for tufted apple bud moth and variegated leafroller to establish biofix and monitor activity.
4 GFW, if present, must be controlled at this time to prevent fruit injury (see note under tight cluster spray for monitoring method).
5 Climbing cutworms (a type of defoliating caterpillar) hide in ground litter during the day and feed in trees at night. Heaviest damage occurs in tree tops and ends of limbs. Cutworms may severely injure young trees. Gypsy moths hatch beginning at bloom and are dispersing into orchards at this time.
6 Examine undersides of leaves for newly hatched WALH nymphs. Nymphs move rapidly forward or backward when disturbed.
7 Likely to thin fruit when used at this time.
8 See comments on p. 40
9 See comments on p. 46
10 Control EAS if a problem last year, or if 5.5 adults are captured beteween pink and petal fall on white sticky traps if a prebloom insecticide was applied. If no prebloom insecticide was applied, use a threshold of 4.7 adults.
11 Caution should be exercised in the use of Sevin because of potential to cause mite outbreaks. Preliminary research indicates that the XLR PLUS formulation may be less disruptive to mite management programs than other formulations.
12 Handgun applications directed to burrknot-affected areas are most effective for DB. Pheromone traps may be used to determine periods of male moth activity. These traps should be hung about 6 feet off the ground near the tree trunk. A single application is limited to the lower 4 ft of trunk from a distance of no more thatn 4 ft. Do not allow spray to contact fruit of foliage..
13 See comments on page 39.
14 Good control of ERM may be achieved by 3 applications of Ultra-Fine oil at 2-week intervals starting at petal fall.
15 Use 12-16 fl. oz/A for OFM control.
162.5-4.0
oz/A
for
RAA,
TLM,
WALH,
MB;
5.5-8.0 oz.A for PC, OFM, EAS; 8.0 oz/A as a drench spray for
lower tree trunks. The addition of 0.5% oil will improve
control of OFM if using less than 8.0 oz/A.
17
Low rate is for RAA, TLM, WALH and MB.
18 Movento must be applied with a horticultural oil or a non-ionic spreading and penetrating adjuvant (not a sticker).
19Brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB):
The 2014 season began with a rather low BMSB population, which to some extent may have been due to the effects of the cold winter. As in 2013, favorable environmental conditions during the growing season resulted in lush growth of wild hosts through August, which may favor the growth of BMSB populations during the summer. However, despite BMSB captures in pheromone traps that again were highest in August and September and instances of some buildings and homes being heavily invaded between late September and early October, the general consensus was that BMSB populations were lower throughout the entire season than in 2013. In general, acceptable levels of BMSB management in commercial orchards were reported. As well, there were fewer reports of woolly apple aphid outbreaks in 2014 than in 2013, likely due to more common use of diazinon, and only scattered reports of other secondary pest outbreaks. Since it has been a long-standing policy of tree fruit Extension Specialists to not recommend the use of pyrethroids in the post-bloom period, due to their disruptive effects on natural enemies of secondary pests, we have not included them or products containing them in most cover sprays. However, the most effective products against BMSB continue to include Belay (neonicotinoid), Baythroid, Danitol, Warrior II and products containing permethrin (pyrethroids), Lannate (carbamate), and the premixtures, Engido ZC and Leverage 360. As in recent years, Section 18 Emergency Exemptions were issued for the pyrethroid, bifenthrin (Bifenture and Brigade) and the neonicotinoid, dinotefuran (Venom and Scorpion). Residual effectiveness of products for BMSB may vary considerably, particularly following rain, and may not extend beyond about 3 days. For this reason, we continue to recommend the use of alternate-row-middle spray applications at about 7-day intervals during much of the growing season in pome and stone fruit. Peaches and nectarines are vulnerable to injury from BMSB from fruit-set onward while injury to apples is detectable from about mid-June onward. Section 18 Exemptions for use of bifenthrin and dinotefuran will again be submitted in advance of the 2015 season. Do not use bifenthrin in apples or stone fruit until notified of the Section 18 approval. Although Venom and Scorpion are registered for use in stone fruit, the highest labelled rate may not provide adequate BMSB control. The Section 18 label for these products enables their use at higher rates against BMSB in both crop groups, but these rates must not be used until notified of the Section 18 approval. BMSB researchers are actively evaluating promising tactics to manage BMSB effectively and reduce or eliminate the disruptive effects of current programs.
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